How does the postmodern picturebook set out to capture both the adult Essay

How does the postmodern picturebook set out to catch both the grown-up and the kid peruser's advantage - Essay Example This paper looks at two postmodern children’s picture books, Voices in the Park, and The Stinky Cheese Man and Other Fairly Stupid Fairy Tales, and clarifies four procedures that they use to catch both the grown-up and the kid reader’s intrigue, specifically non-conventional plot structure, moving character point of view, paratextual gadgets, and intertextual references. The postmodern children’s picture book doesn't exist in a vacuum, however follows a long history of composing and showing which returns numerous hundreds of years. It sets itself against the somewhat inflexible customary stories, for example, tales and fantasies, which typically have an unknown storyteller who drives the peruser along a consistent ordered course of events through a solitary plot with key characters who assume genuinely unsurprising jobs. Youngsters and grown-ups the same appreciate the agreeable system that is given, and there are shows like a â€Å"once upon a time† start ing, a few excites and spills with great and terrible characters in the center, and a decent, perfect â€Å"happy ending† in which all the remaining details of the plot are tied up. A postmodern children’s picture book depends upon this structure as well, yet in an alternate way. Rather than following these anticipated examples, it springs outside them and presents diverse account voices and non-sequential structures to blend things up and make the story multifaceted. A genuine case of this is Voice in the Park which recounts to four stories in progression, all of which allude to the equivalent real time period. Nobody story voice is prevailing, and the points of view of mother figure, father figure, young lady figure and kid figure are permitted to coincide, despite the fact that they don't actually concur with one another. Depicting them as gorillas is a sharp strategy which echoes more established conventions of humanoid attribution and yet powers present day peruse rs out of any race or class generalizations: age and sexual orientation are what recognize the characters, and there is an equivalent number of each. There is no single plot in this book, yet rather there is a spell of time in a recreation center in which four individuals meet, and the book presents this from four unique edges. In The Stinky Cheeseman there is a solitary storyteller, who is the â€Å"Jack† character from the notable fantasy â€Å"Jack and the Beanstalk† yet he shows up in the book outside the limits of his own story, and associates with characters from different stories, for example, the Little Red Hen and Little Red Riding Hood. None of the characters in the narratives consent to cooperate with the first plotlines that grown-ups particularly will have learned, and the outcome is a kaleidoscope of fantasy components flipped around. There are short stories inside a story, yet the limits are liquid and characters show up in stories where they customarily don't have a place, all of which demonstrates a postmodern energy. The storyteller isn't in charge of the tales, and the characters go out of control. This is a case of metafiction (Pantaleo, 2004, p. 213) in light of the fact that it causes to notice how the story is assembled. This thusly invigorates conversation between perusers about both the substance of the story and the entire procedure of story arrangement, perusing, tuning in and understanding. Coming back to Voices in the Park, this book grown-up and youngster personas to connect with both grown-up and kid intrigue. Grown-ups will have the option to relate to the mother figure, condemning the

English Essay Essay Example

English Essay Example English Essay English Essay ? ?â ?â ?â In the novel Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger Holdenâ„ ¢s long lasting objective of being the catcher in the rye is a sensible objective for him since he needs to shield all the youngsters from a world which is brimming with fakes. Turning into the catcher in the rye will assist him with keeping kids from going down an inappropriate way and furthermore assist kids with experiencing childhood in a sheltered and neighborly condition. The Catcher in the Ryes work is to spare kids that tumble off the precipice in the exacting sense however allegorically he simply needs to ensure the guiltless personalities of the youngsters and catch them from tumbling off the bluff and gatekeeper them from the world which is fake. ? ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â One of the elements that frequently forestall Holden from accomplishing his objectives is his indignation and fierce temper issues. After an unordinary discussion with his huge and solid flat mate Stradlater he assaults him and attempts to cause his toothbrush to experience his throat on the grounds that stradlater says he gives Jane the time and than winds up getting beat up. He blows up and afterward savage for reasons unknown at all, he can't control his activities once he blows up despite the fact that he thinks he is ensuring Jane. He can't accomplish his objective on the off chance that he will be furious or rough only the scarcest piece. ? ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â Holden being?â kicked out of school for bombing four of five classes isn't a hopeful beginning to being the Catcher in the Rye since he will get no place in existence without completing his training. He at that point leaves the school early in light of the fact that he is forlorn and is attempting to maintain a strategic distance from all the fakes that are in his school. The entertaining thing is he turns into a fake since he meets Ernieâ„ ¢s mother in the train and reveals to her his name is Rudolph Schmidt and afterward recounts to an entire pack of tales about her child. He says that he loathes fakes and yet says that he is a urgent liar which is for all intents and purposes the equivalent careful thing so heâ„ ¢s acting like a poser. How might he shield youngsters from the universe of fakes and fakes on the off chance that he himself is acting like what he is attempting to secure ? ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ? ? ? ? ? Holden has an exceptionally short ability to focus; he can't focus for a specific timeframe without thinking about some other arbitrary drivel. For instance when his history educator was giving him a genuine discussion about his homework and future ,Holden gazes vacantly at nothing in particular and miracles where ducks in a solidified lake would go once winter comes. He needs to attempt to concentrate more on one thing that heâ„ ¢s attempting to accomplish and not dawdle and consider arbitrary garbage that will accomplish nothing for him throughout everyday life. He gets so fixated on knowing where the ducks go in the winter that he really gets some information about them like his cabbie. ? ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â One of Holdenâ„ ¢s most serious issues is that he is in every case alone and gets forlorn effectively and asks everybody he meets to have a beverage with him. At the point when he returns to New York he calls up an old friend of his named Luce from his old fashioned that utilization to give him sex converses with go have a beverage with him and it becomes into a fascinating and ungainly discussion. Holden is simply desolate constantly and necessities to make some new companions that share a few things practically speaking with him. He needs a few companions to spend time with so then perhaps he will quit stressing over the entirety of the worldâ„ ¢s issues and appreciate being a child. At that point possibly from figuring out how to be a child he can have a favorable position in being the Catcher in the Rye and shielding the kids from the universes Phonies. ? ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â Holden is just extremely happy with conversing with his kin who are JD his more established sibling and Phoebe his more youthful sister. His more youthful sibling Allie died from leukemia and all he discusses is the baseball glove that he used to have and feel good. On his excursion towards being the Catcher in the Rye his primary goal is his sister Phoebe which he talks so exceptionally of. He is continually willing to doing anything for his sister and shielding her from fakes since she is so guiltless. ? ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â Holdenâ„ ¢s Hunting cap is a common theme all through the entire book that represents how he utilizes it for a wide range of purposes. He gets it for during his outing to a fencing competition which he and his group couldn't go to in light of the fact that Holden loses all the fencing hardware when he is assume to be the group captain.?â After his battle with Stradlater he is all ridiculous and cut up, he at that point puts on his chasing cap which he thinks conceals him from everybody and shields him from others. He wears the cap in reverse here and there on the grounds that he enjoys how it feels or it causes him to feel remarkable. ? ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â ?â Holden doesn't generally have an essential inspiration throughout everyday life, he never designs or even ponders his future he is in every case simply worried about the present. If he somehow happened to have an objective it is be the Catcher in the Rye and undoubtingly it would take him a great deal of difficult work and devotion to arrive at that point in his life. He is continually having emotional episodes and sulking around?â being discouraged and tired of living. He needs to discover an answer for his concern via looking for and making new allies or he will never accomplish his objective of turning into The Catcher in the Rye.

A Fairy Tale :: creative writing

He realized that his first prey, the firebird, lived high up in the trees in the core of the timberland. Like helping, they were difficult to miss, and the puncturing of its bill left a consume that would never be overlooked. Out of nowhere, the kid heard a screech, and he spun his head to see the dark red fowl plunging toward his face. Freezing, the kid jumped for the ground, and for the net that the savvy man had given him. He heaved it at the flying creature - and missed. The winged creature, irate, made another mammoth dip at the kid - and tore its substance as it flew straight into the cutting edge of the kid's blade. That was one animal dealt with. His next objective, the freezing arachnid, could be either a lot harder, or a lot simpler, the kid knew not which. The insect couldn't run, or hop, in contrast to a portion of its family members, yet it was more diligently to discover, and its toxic substance solidified the human blood and made its casualties powerless, lying on the ground shuddering until the 8-legged creature at last showed compassion for his prey and ate it. He did whatever it takes not to consider it.     Instead the kid thought of approaches to draw in his prey; in the event that he could get it to come to him, the executing would be simpler - and certainly a lot more secure. The freezing insect would eat any sort of substance it could, yet it was notable that the bug adored most to eat the tissue of people. Indeed, what would it be advisable for him to do? Clearly lure was more secure than hanging tight for an assault, so the kid pulled out his knife and held it to his upper arm. That was the point at which he saw the dark fibers of the freezing bug. It was sitting discreetly on a close by bush, its back toward the kid. Keeping down a murmur of help, he stepped toward his prey, holding the blade high, and wounded it through the insect before it comprehended what hit it. Somewhat less dynamic an execute than the firebird, yet sim ilarly as invigorating. Presently the main casualty left in this errand of the kid's was the netherworld wolf, and what an animal. About the size of a pig, these canines could destroy a man in a short time level, or so it was said. Nonetheless, being the biggest of the animals made it the least demanding objective.

Examining The Relationship Between Stock Prices And Dividend Payments Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

This research investigates whether there exists a relationship between share prices and dividend payments of world stock indices during January 1977 to December 2009 time period. Majority of financial books point out that in a well functioning capital market these two variables should be related (Brealey and Meyers 1986); the present value of the share should be equal to the dividend stream discounted by the return earned on securities of a comparable risk.footnote Furthermore stock market studies indicate that share prices increase respond to dividend news; dividend increases tend to be associated with share price increases while dividend cuts are usually associated with share price falls (Petit,1972; Ahrony and Sway, 1980). In determining whether stock prices and dividends are co integrated, a large amount of empirical research have used co integration techniques . This research paper investigates if a long run relationship exists between share price and dividend of 11 global market indices. Talk about world stock indices Using the above empirical framework, this research will test Ho: No long run relationship between stock prices and dividends H1 : Long run relationship. As per outline estimation method,research wil fail to reject the null if is non ststionary and reject null if it is stationary . In case of rejection of the null hypothesis we can conclude that there exists a long run relationship between hare price and their dividend payments. The use of the cointegration technique has become widely used to test present value models for stock prices. According to this model, stock prices are fundamentally determined by the discounted value of their future dividends, which derive their value from future expected earning (Campbell, Lo Mackinlay, 1997) . LITERATURE REVIEW 3. METHODOLOGY 4. DATA DESCRIPTION AND COUNTRY INFORMATION There are eight countries with their major stock indices included in this sample, of which there are 5 European countries and their major stock index (United Kingdom FTSE100, Belgium BEL 20, Netherlands AEX Index, Spain IBEX 35 and Germany DAX 30), one Asian country and its stock index (Hong Kong Hang Seng Index) and two countries from the Americas, namely United States of America and its 4 stock indices (SP 500, DJIA 30, NASDAQ 100 and SP 100), the other country being Canada with its stock index ( SP/ TSX 60). Other world stock indices according to the Datastream database in August 2010 where considered for this research, but because Datastream did not have complete dividend payments , only 11 world stock indices which had complete stock price information and dividend data were considered for the study. We analyse the monthly data for 2 variables, the stock price index (Pt) and Dividend payments (Dt) taken from DataStream, with each index having a varying time period or time range. This sample of data is biased towards developed countries, since with stock indices, dividend data can be easily acquired to study the long run relationship between stock prices and dividends by analysing the worlds major stock indices, other than just analysing one index or stock. For each stock index, the annual stock price and dividend payment information was obtained from DataStream, The stock price indices and dividends were deflated by the consumer price index (CPI) and this data was then analysed to determine if a long run relationship exists between real stock prices and real stock dividends using the PANEL COINTEGRATION methodology for a panel data set. each index has a varying sample period as shown in table 1 below:- The countries and their respective stock market indices in the sample were selected primarily on the basis of data availability, in terms stock prices and dividend payments Table 1 shows: ÂÂ   DATA INFORMATION ÂÂ   ÂÂ   ÂÂ   ÂÂ   ÂÂ   ÂÂ   ÂÂ   ÂÂ   Continent Country Stock Index Sample Range Period (Years) America USA SP 500 January 1977 December 2007 30 Years ÂÂ   ÂÂ   DJIA 30 March 1978 December 2007 29 Years ÂÂ   ÂÂ   NASDAQ 100 October 1985 -December 2007 22 Years ÂÂ   ÂÂ   SP 100 April 1999 December 2009 10 Years Europe UK FTSE 100 January 1986 December 2007 21 Years Europe BELGIUM BEL 20 May 1991 December 2009 18 Years N.America CANADA SP/TSX60 February 2002 December 2009 7 Years Europe NETHERLANDS AEX INDEX February 1992 December 2007 15 Years Europe SPAIN IBEX 35 December1990 December 2007 17 Years Asia HONG KONG HANGSENG December 1986 December 2007 21 Years Europe GERMANY DAX 30 November 1990 December 2007 17 Years Table .1 provides summary information for the stock price index , the empirical analysis focuses on the stock indices mentioned above. REFERENCES [1] Ahrony,J and I . Sway (1980),Quartely dividend and earnings announcements and stockholders returns : an empirical analysis, Journal of Finance, Vol.35,pp1-12 [1] Brealey,R, . A and S.C.Meyers (1986), Principles of Corporate Finance, McGraw Hill, London. [2] Bong Soo Lee, Co-movements of earnings, dividends and stock prices. [3] Campbell, J. Y, and R. Shiller (1987) Cointegration and tests of present value models, Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 95, pp. 1062 1088. [4] Campbell, J. Y and Shiller (1988) Stock Prices, earnings and expected dividends, Journal of Finance, 43, 661 676. [5] Campbell, J. Y and Shiller (1989) The dividend ratio model and small sample bias: a Monte Carlo study, Economics Letters, Vol.29, pp.325-331. [6] Campbell JY, Lo AW, Mackinlay AC (1997) , The econometrics of financial markets, Princeton University Press , Princeton. [ ] Engle, Robert and Granger, C, W. J., (1987), Cointegration and Error Correction: Representation, Estimation, and Testing. Econometrics, 55, 251 276. [7] Kao, C.(1999) Spurious regression and residual based tests for Cointegration in panel data. Journal of Econometrics, 90, 1-44. [8] Kwiatkowski D, Phillips PCB, Schmidt P, Shin Y (1992), Testing the null hypothesis of stationary against the alternative of a unit root: How sure are we that economic time series have a unit root? Journal of Econometrics 54:159 178. [9] K.S., M.H.Pesaran, and Y. Shin (1997) Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels, mimeo, University of Cambridge, December 1997. [10] Levin, A. and C.F. Lin (1992) Unit root tests in Panel data: asymptotic and finite sample properties, mimeo, University of California, San Diego, May 1992. [11] Levin, A. and C.F. Lin (1993) Unit root tests in Panel data: asymptotic and finite sample properties, mimeo, University of California, San Diego, December 1993. [12] Levin, A., Lin C.F. and Chu J. (2002), Unit root in panel data: Asymptotic and finite sample Properties , Journal of Econometrics, 108 (1), 1-24. [13] MacDonald, R. and D.M. Power (1995) Stock prices, dividends and retentions, Journal of Empirical Finance, Vol.2 pp. 135-151. [14] MacDonald, R. and I.W. Marsh (1997) A forward premium puzzle and the power of the panel, mimeo, University of Strathclyde. [15] MacKinnon, J.G (1991) Critical Values for Cointegration tests, In Long -run Economic Relationships, R.F. Engle and C.W.J. Granger (eds.), Oxford University Press: Oxford. [ ] Maddala, G.S. and S. Wu (1999). Comparative Study of Unit root Tests with Panel Data and a N [16] Pascal Mazodier (1979) Review of the Econometrics of Panel Data , Economic Journal 89, 999-1001 [17] Pedroni, P. (1995) Panel Cointegration: asymptotic and finite sample properties of pooled time series tests with an application to the PPP hypothesis , Indiana University Working Paper, Number 95-013, June. [18] Pedroni, P. (1996) Fully modified OLS for heterogeneous cointegrated panels and the case of purchasing power parity , Indiana University Working Paper Number 96-020. [19] Pesaran, M. H. and Smith, R. (1995), estimating long -run relationships from dynamic heterogeneous panels. Journal of Econometrics, 68, 79- 113. [20] Petit, R.R . (1972) Dividend announcements,security performance and capital market efficiency, Journal of Finance, Vol.27 , pp. 993 -1007. [20] Phillips, P.C.B and S.Ouliaris (1986) Testing for Cointegration, Yale University Discussion Paper Number 809. [21] R. Engle and C.W.J. Granger (1991), Long run economic relations: Readings in Cointegration, Oxford University Press. [22] Shiller, R. (1981) Do stock prices move too much to be justified by subsequent changes in dividend? American Economics Review, Vol. 71, pp. 421 436. [23] Sheng, S. L. and Chang, U. C . 2000 Testing the Existence of Speculative Bubbles in Stock Price of Financial Industry . Journal of Industry Economics ,106, 109-143. Fig .2 . This shows the line graph representation of the closing stock prices of the DJIA index. It shows that from 1994 the prices of the DJIA index stocks have been steadily rising, showing a continuous trend in the year 2000. Fig.3 Fig.3 . This shows the histogram representation of the closing stock prices of the DJIA index, it shows the mean 7329.240, kurtosis 1.563437 and the Jarque Bera test 152.5889. Returns of the DJIA INDEX. Fig.4 Fig. 4 shows the line graph, showing stationarity in the returns of the DJIA index .

The United States Of The World War II - 1296 Words

President Abraham Lincoln once said, â€Å"Nearly all men can stand adversity, but if you want to test a man s character, give him power† (1). Power can be used to fight for civil liberties, but the abuse of it can lead to holocausts. Throughout history, power has often been put into the wrong hands, which has resulted in genocides, holocausts, and massacres. The responsibility associated with power is unfathomable. The United States of America has fought against power and has successfully maintained it. As the most influential power in the world, the US has to use its authority to maintain peace and spread capitalism. There have been very few times in American history when the US has abused its power, but one of these times was during World War II. During the Second World War, the United States used atomic weaponry, first introduced by Albert Einstein and other German-American scientists. The United States government spent two billion dollars funding the Manhattan Project, the name of the atomic weapon research enterprise. During the mid-twentieth century, the United States was on the rise to becoming a world superpower. The creation of the atomic bomb enhanced the US’s international power and was a threat towards other nations, such as the Soviet Union. Towards the end of World War II, the US decided to use the bombs to destroy cities in Japan to speed up the surrender of the Japanese. The bombs on Japan were unnecessary in the outcome of World War II which raises theShow MoreRelatedThe United States Of World War II975 Words   |  4 PagesThe United States of America entered into World W ar II, because of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor (World War II). On December 7, 1941, Japan bombed the American fleet in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii (World War II). By the end of the attack, there were 2,403 dead, 188 destroyed planes, and 8 damaged or destroyed battleships (Attack at Pearl Harbor). Franklin Roosevelt said that American must become â€Å"the great arsenal of democracy† (World War II). America then entered into the war at the Battle of MidwayRead MoreThe United States And The World War II1537 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States might not be the perfect country in the world, but it is one of the most victorious countries of today’s world. Our country’s huge history consist of a great amount of important and momentous events that have lead our country into the place we know now. As a country we have had our fair share or triumph crisis and everything in between. But overall the most important event in the history of the United States is the World War II, there is a lot of reason why World War II is one ofRead MoreThe United States And World War II956 Words   |  4 PagesThe United States truly showed that we were coming together as a nation to become one of the most dominant countries in the world. The United States was brought into World War II when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. This event took Americans by surprise and soon would lead to bigger problems. The United States did not take the bombing lightly, and we gave Japan exactly what they deserved. On August 6th and 9th in the year of 1945, the United States dropped atomic bombs in the citiesRead MoreWorld War II : The United States1202 Words   |  5 PagesBefore World War II, the American people supported isolationism due to the general belief that America should not have been a part of World War I. Furthermore, people believed World War I caused the Great Depression, as well as the deaths of thousands of Americans. I believe this opinion changed o n December 7, 1941. On this morning, the Japanese military bombed the Pearl Harbor Naval base in Hawaii. I think American citizens view changed because they were attacked on their soil and a total of 2,403Read MoreThe United States And The World War II899 Words   |  4 Pages The United States, also known as the land of the free and the home of the brave. The United States has been an icon for freedom and integrity for generations before us and is bound to have written in various texts around the world. The United States has done its best to do the right thing throughout the world. It believes itself to be the one to fix the issues that are happening in the world around them as an act of kindness and justice. In the first World War, when Britain was falling and the GermanRead MoreThe United States And The World War II1553 Words   |  7 PagesPurpose History showed that the United States and its Allies triumphantly fought back against the Axis Powers to end the Second World War. While headlines and credits for the ultimate triumph centered around the politicians and generals, no successful war effort would come to light without the heroic figures in the civilian world and the companies they ran, who produced the ships, tanks, airplanes, weapons and ammunition more quickly, to higher standards and in greater quantities, than the enemyRead MoreThe World War II On The United States2035 Words   |  9 Pageslearned as a result of the two World Wars that were fought on this Earth. World War 1 began essentially after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo June 28th 1914. There is debate as to whether or not this one was the main catalyst but there certainly were other factors that could have played a part. There were political changes happening in major European nations at the time also the industrial revolution was in full swing by then. World War II on the other hand was largelyRead MoreThe United States Of The World War II Essay1801 Words   |  8 Pages1941, the United States of America was heaved into World War II after Japan attacked the American naval convoy in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The next day after the Japanese’s surprise attack, America and Great Britain both declared war on Japan. The Second World War was histories greatest and most noteworthy armed conflict. It served as the environment for the current arrangement of security and intellect, and for the postwar power stability that shaped the agenda for the Cold War. World War II partookRead MoreThe United States And The World War II1213 Words   |  5 PagesWhile cooperation between Britain and the United States in the European theater was less than it could have been the same could be said about the Pacific theater. Before the United States became directly involved in World War II, the British government tried unsucc essfully to convince them to take a stronger stance against Japanese aggression against China or at least make it clear that America was paying attention to Asia. On one occasion they inquired whether â€Å"it [would] not be possible for [Roosevelt]Read MoreThe United States and World War II554 Words   |  2 Pages â€Æ'The majority of the history of the United States during the 1940’s was plagued by World War II. However, before the U.S. entered the war, the first antibiotic penicillin was successfully used which revolutionized the medical field and WWII. Also, the U.S. Congress approved the first peacetime draft for the Army. On November 5, 1940, Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected president for his third term. This was the first time in U.S. history that a president had been elected for three terms. On December

ACAS Code And Models Free Sample Solution

Question: Discuss about the Employment Law and Relations for ACAS Code and Models? Answer: Introduction: In this part of the assignment, the ACAS Code and other models like the CIPD Guidelines have been critically analysed for the purpose of identifying good practices that deal with the management of disciplining matters in organizations. In this regard, it is worth mentioning that the ACAS Code of Practice related with disciplinary and grievance procedures provides practical guidelines for the organizations that can be very helpful in dealing with these issues are the workplace. The case of John-Charles v NHS Business Services Authority (2015) deals with best practices that are related with disciplinary proceedings. The facts are unusual in themselves but they do establish that whatever has been told by an employer to the employee regarding disciplinary sanctions, it becomes the responsibility of the employer to make sure that the employer acts according to it. If any person or organization fails to follow the procedure provided by the Code, the fact may be considered by an employment tribunal while dealing with the relevant cases, even in the person or organization may not be liable to proceedings. In this regard, there are certain key components that can be used for dealing with these issues. For example, it has been provided that the organizations should recognize that there are a large number of disciplinary and deviance issues that can be resolved by them informally (Beardwell and Holden, 1994). It is also worth mentioning that legally the Employment Tribunals are under an obligation to take into account, the ACAS Code of Practice when there are considering relevant cases. In this way, there are a number of potential disciplinary/grievance matters that can be resolved by the organizations informally. For example, the case is related with unsatisfactory performance or minor misconduct can generally be resolved in the best way, informally (Blyton and Turnbull, 1992). In such cases, often a quite word is enough for the purpose of improving the conduct of the performance of such an employee. The ACAS Code of practice also prescribes the basic requirements related with fairness during disciplinary proceedings and these requirements are applicable in most of the cases. These requirements also provide the standard of reasonable behavior that can be applied in most of the cases. Under the circumstances, it is clear that the ACAS Code will help the employers as well as employees and their representatives while dealing with disciplinary matters at the workplace. On the other hand, in cases where some kind of action has to be taken, the action that can be considered as reasonable a justifiable under the circumstances depends on the individual circumstances of each case (Blyton and Turnbull, 1998). In this regard, the employers are required to deal with these issues fairly, consistently and promptly. At the same time, it is also the obligation of the employers to carry out investigations for the purpose of collecting and establishing all the facts related with a particular case. There can be certain challenges associated with the disciplinary and diligence procedures that have been adopted by the employers. In this context, disciplinary and grievance procedures can be described as the frameworks providing a clear structure to deal with the problems that may arise in a workplace relationship, either from the perspective of the employer or employee (Stone, 1995). It is also required that this procedures should ensure that all employees are treated in the same way by the employers under similar circumstances. Similarly, the employers are also required to deal with these matters in a fair and reasonable way. The above-mentioned procedures also aim to make sure that the employers follow the present laws and in the same way, they also follow the ACAS Code of Practice. In this context, most of the employers generally have their own procedures that comply with the Code. In this context, it is required that the disciplinary procedure allows employees to be aware of what is expected from them in context of the standard of performance or conduct. Similarly, the procedure should also be capable of identifying the obstacles that are present for individuals to achieve these standards and at the same time, they should also allow employers to take the required action (Gennard and Judge, 2002). Another requirement is that the procedure should allow the employers and employees to agree on appropriate tools and timescale for achieving improvements in the performance of conduct of an individual. The procedure should also help in resolving these matters without recourse to external processes of resolving disputes or going to an employment tribunal (Thomas, 1999). It is also very important that these procedures are capable of establishing before an employment tribunal that the employer organization had followed the appropriate procedure in a particular case if a complaint has been made by an employee regarding the way such an employee had been dismissed. In Gurnett v ASOS.com Ltd (2010) the issue was related without providing a warning to employ regarding the possible consequences of disciplinary action. In this case, the court clearly stated that the employer is required to inform the employee from the very beginning itself regarding the possible results of a disciplinary action. For the purpose of providing a fair chance to the employees to defend the allegations in a proper way, it should not come as a surprise later on that in the proceedings, dismissal is also a possibility. In the same way, in O'Farrill v New Manage Ltd t/a Hooks Gym London Shootfighters (2011), it was stated that the employer is required to explain the alleged misconduct in clear terms to the employee, throughout the disciplinary process. In the same way, it is also required that the employer should be consistent in his accusations against the employee (Gennard and Judge, 2002). Therefore, if any new allegations have been discovered by the employer during this stage of the investigation, they can be included in the disciplinary process but it is very important that disciplinary sanctions should be imposed against the employee only regarding the allegations that have been properly investigated and were also brought to the notice of the employee as being a part of the proceedings. Another example where the Employment Tribunal came to the conclusion that the employer had not followed good practices was that of Campbell v Mitie Managed Services Ltd. (2009) In this case, the employer denied the employee to be accompanied during the disciplinary hearing. Therefore, although this is a statutory right, still the employers have been reminded by the ACAS Code regarding the requirement that they should allow the employees to be accompanied during disciplinary hearing. This right of the employees to be accompanied during such hearings arises when an employee has been invited by the employer to attend a disciplinary or previous hearing and such employee had made a reasonable request that he or she should be allowed to be accompanied during the hearing. In this part of the assignment, with the help of ACAS Code and other models like the CIPD guidelines, the good practices adopted by King's College Hospital have been analysed. For this purpose, it has been analyzed how the King's College Hospital manages its disciplinary processes with the help of policies and procedures and the practices that have been adopted by the hospital and this regard. The procedure that has been adopted by King's College Hospital in this regard is that first of all, an investigation is carried out by the organization. In this regard, King's College Hospital provides that as a part of the investigation, generally it is required that the investigating manager should personally meet the employee for the purpose of obtaining their version of events. When a detailed investigation regarding the circumstances of the case is required before the disciplinary meeting, a manager may delegate responsibility to an appropriate person. On the other hand, in such a case, af ter investigating the matter himself, the manager may arrange that the case will be heard by some other manager of the organization. The investigations that are conducted by the Police and the Counter Fraud Team are separate from and in addition to the investigations that are taking place in the organization. The Trust can only delay the proceedings as a result of other investigations, only in case it is absolutely necessary. Informal warning: the practices and procedures adopted by King's College Hospital provide that in case where a minor misconduct has been established as part of an employee, such an employee will be invited for a meeting with the manager for the purpose of discussing unsatisfactory conduct. During such a meeting, the manager is required to hear the reasons or mitigation that has been put forward by the employee. At the same time, during such a meeting, the manager will also give advice to the employee regarding the standards of conduct that are required and also the timescale for it. The details of such an informal discussion are also required to be confirmed to the employee in writing and at the same time, there response to it should also be registered. The copy of such correspondence has to be retained by the manager. Formal Procedure Related with Disciplinary Meetings: During all the formal stages of disciplinary procedure, after the matter has been properly investigated and it is established that the case is present against the employee, with minimal delay, a disciplinary meeting has to be arranged. It has been provided by the procedure adopted by King's College Hospital that a reasonable notice needs to be given regarding arrangements for meeting, which includes the persons who will be present during the hearing. The manager is required to give two copies of the return details of the allegations to the employee and also any witness statements or other documents supporting the allegations. It is also required that the employee should take all reasonable steps for the purpose of attending the meeting. It has also been provided that it is the right of the employee to be accompanied by a colleague, a friend or an accredited trade union representative. The relevant procedure in this regard is that the manager, who hears the allegations, may be accompanied by professional advisor, in case it is considered necessary. Under the hand, in case the employee had made counter allegations of harassment and bullying during the investigations, such allegations have to be heard by the manager and also by an independent assessor. Similarly, a Human Resource advisor may also be present during the meetings if a formal or a final warning can be the probable outcome of the meeting. During the meeting, the manager is required to mention the nature of allegations and also briefly outline the case to the employee with the help of evidence available in support of the allegations. At the same time, the procedure also requires that full opportunity should be given to employ to respond to these allegations during the meeting. While the employee is required to directly respond to the questions, the representative of the employee has been given the right to outline the case of the employee and also to our questions on behalf of the employee. The procedure provides that while considering the case, the manager is required to consider the previous record of the employee and also the other factors that may be relevant in this regard. Recommendations: In this light, it appears that the practices and policies adopted by King's College Hospital work for eliminating any potential tension with other HR policies and practices like that diversity management or equal opportunities. In this regard, a responsibility has been imposed on the managers to ensure that the disciplinary procedure is applied by them fairly and also in tune with the policy related with equality and diversity in employment that has been adopted by the organization. At the same time, the Human Resources Department of the organization monitors the application of formal procedure by age, disability, gender and ethnicity. The policy has proved to be effective in context of its relevance for the purpose of promoting race equality and in the same way, when it comes to disability and gender equality, the policy has proved to be medium impact. At the same time, the facts of John-Charles v NHS Business Services Authority (2015) are unusual in themselves but they do establish that whatever has been told by an employer to the employee regarding disciplinary sanctions, it becomes the responsibility of the employer to make sure that the employer acts according to it. Conclusion: In the present report, the need for having fair and reasonable disciplinary processes have been examined.at the same time, the recent cases in which the courts have dealt with the good practices related with grievance proceedings have also been discussed.in the next part of the report, the management of grievance proceedings by King's College Hospital have been examined. References Beardwell, I. Holden, L. (1994), Human Resource Management: A Contemporary Perspective, Pitman, London Blyton , P. Turnbull, P. (1998), The Dynamics of Employee Relations, Macmillan, London Blyton, P. Turnbull, P. (1992), HRM: Debates, Dilemmas and Contradictions, in P. Blyton P. Turnbull (eds), Reassessing Human Resource Management, Sage, London Gennard, J. Judge, G. (2002), Employee Relations (third edition), Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, Wimbledon Legge, K. (1995), Human Resource Management: Rhetorics and Realities, Macmillan Business, London Stone, R. (1995), Human Resource Management,(second edition)., Wiley Son, Milton Thomas, K. (ed.), 1999, The Oxford Book of Work, Oxford University Press, Oxford .Cases Campbell v Mitie Managed Services Ltd ET/2406958/09 Gurnett v ASOS.com Ltd [2010] ET/3304149/2009 John-Charles v NHS Business Services Authority UKEAT/0105/15/BA O'Farrill v New Manage Ltd t/a Hooks Gym London Shootfighters [2011] ET/3304495/2010

Online Writers Must Understand Networking

Online Writers Must Understand NetworkingOnline writers need not be wary of the unknown, for the new breed of writers are referred to as networks. Writers have to understand that internet writing is not a get rich quick scheme and success will take time. Writing online is not a simple thing. However, if you want to become an internet writer, then it is going to be necessary for you to take note of what is involved.Networking in the world of online writers can be a daunting prospect. There are just too many people trying to sell you on the fact that you need to sign up for their website to make money. They all say the same thing: that they are a good writer and can help you make money with your writings.They try to sell you the Canada Online Writers Network, which you have to pay to get access to. These sites promise you the moon and will charge you hundreds and even thousands of dollars just to get onto their site. So how do you tell if this kind of program is a scam?If they use cert ain phrases or images that they own in their sites or online images, chances are they are lying. In order to be eligible for membership, a person has to list certain phrases or names that they own. These companies will then claim that they are the only ones that can help you make money with your writing online.They know that if they cannot get you to advertise themselves online, they cannot make money off of you. These programs just love to come up with ways to convince you that you will make lots of money from advertising, when all they really can do is get you to pay to join their members-only program. What the heck is wrong with these kinds of programs?They will often try to sell you on the idea that you can make unlimited money by putting together ads that will get you free money. But these websites are simply not legitimate. They will often try to sell you something else.A lot of people think that these programs work by using special methods, but they fail to realize that they are all part of the same scam. Basically, what they do is send people to a website to put together ads for a fee. These sites then turn around and sell ads that you have to pay for to people who sign up for their members-only program.Writing is a great opportunity for those who want to make a living from writing online. There are opportunities out there for anyone who wants to get into the game. The first step is to get your name known online. Then work hard, and eventually you will find the money that you want and need.